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Our Playbook on OSU History

Category: Early University history (page 10 of 14)

Twelve Days of Buckeyes: 7 “Saints” first served OSU in scholarship

University Hall

When The Ohio State University opened its doors on September 17, 1873, seven faculty members were there to teach the two dozen students who had arrived to obtain a college degree. At the time there was only one building on campus – University Hall – and it included not only classrooms, but a chapel, a library and living quarters for both students and some faculty members. The faculty lived on the top floor; consequently, that part of the building was known by students as the “Saints’ Roost.” (The students lived in the cellar, referring to it as “Purgatory.”) Thomas Mendenhall, the last surviving faculty member, recalled in 1920 that these men were underpaid, all lacking a Ph.D at the time of their appointment, and were given charge of a broad area of study that would shock the “modern” professor. Given these conditions, is it any wonder why the students came up with the “Saints” nickname?

Edward Orton, 1875

Edward S. Orton Sr. (1829 – 1899) was originally from New York where he graduated from Hamilton College at age 17. The following year he went to seminary and taught at several institutions before becoming professor, then president, at Antioch College in Ohio. A year later he was named the first President of the new Ohio Agricultural and Mechanical College and the chair of Geology. Orton also developed the first campus museum in University Hall. In 1881 Orton resigned from his duties as President in order to serve as state geologist. He was 44 when he took the appointment, and held it until his death eight years later.

 

 

Robert McFarland, 1873

Robert W. McFarland (1825 – 1910) was a self-educated Scotsman, who, despite his lack of a formal education, was described as having knowledge that was “encyclopedic.” While at OSU, and in addition to his teaching duties, he apparently worked for several hours a day, six days a week, for four years, to calculate the form of the earth’s orbit and the longitude of its perihelion for the previous  five and a half million years. McFarland taught at the College until 1885 when he accepted the presidency at Miami University.

 

 

T.C. Mendenhall, 1873

Thomas Corwin Mendenhall (1841 – 1924), from Columbus, was a renowned physicist and scientist whose education was attained through public schools. He had previously taught at Columbus’ Central High School, and came to the new college for five years before leaving to join the faculty at the Imperial University of Japan. Three years later he returned to Ohio, and the College, before resigning in 1884 to pursue other academic interests. In 1919 he was named to the Board of Trustees of the renamed Ohio State University, and he served in this capacity until his death in 1924 at the age of 83.

 

 

Joseph Millikin, 1873

Joseph Millikin (1840 – 1882) taught English and modern languages and literature at the College as well as serving as the school’s librarian. Originally from Hamilton, Ohio, he graduated from Miami University at the age of 19, then attended Princeton Theological Seminary with an intent to become a minister. Known for his frail health, he came to the College in 1872 and was remembered as teaching philosophy in addition to Latin, Greek, French, German, Anglo-Saxon and the Romance languages, depending on the session. He taught at the College until 1881, at which point his poor health forced his resignation. He died in 1882.

 

 

S.A. Norton, 1888

Sidney Augustus Norton (1835 – 1918), of Cincinnati, taught at several high schools before being appointed professor of chemistry at Miami Medical College in Cincinnati, where he received his medical degree. He taught chemistry at the new College from 1873 until 1899 when he was appointed professor emeritus. Norton also had a reputation for his broad intellect, being familiar with many different branches of science, as well as history, literature and the arts.

 

 

N.S. Townshend, 1883

 

Norton Strange Townshend (1815 – 1895) was the eldest original faculty member to be appointed, at 58 years old. He first served as a Trustee for the new College, but resigned from this position so he could be named professor of agriculture. He served the University as a professor until January 1892, and afterwards was named professor emeritus. Originally from Northamptonshire, England, he journeyed with his parents to Ohio in 1830 and received his medical degree from the University of New York in 1840. He became involved with both the temperance and the anti-slavery movements, and was elected to Congress in 1850. He died at his home, on the University grounds, in 1895.

J.H. Wright, 1874

 

John Henry Wright (1852 – 1908) was both the last original faculty member to be appointed as well as the youngest, at age 21. He was born in Persia, to missionary parents, and he came to America when he was eight years old. He graduated from Dartmouth in 1873, and after arriving at what was to become Ohio State, he was one of the faculty members to live in University Hall during the college’s first year. Though he arrived with virtually no teaching experience, he was knowledgeable in the areas he taught (Ancient languages and literatures) and was said to have made a lasting impression on his students. He stayed at the college only for three years; he eventually taught at Harvard, where he also served as dean of the graduate school for many years.

Twelve Days of Buckeyes: In OSU history, this alum is a bona fide “10”

Curtis Howard, 1878

Born not far from Columbus, Curtis Clark Howard was among the first group of students to apply for admission to the then-Ohio Agricultural and Mechanical College. In fact, he was No. 10 on the list of names entered in the official Registrar’s Book.

While he was a senior, Howard and fellow students, Alice Townshend and Harwood R. Pool, formed the committee responsible for selecting the college’s colors. Howard in particular was motivated by the upcoming commencement, and wished to have college colors to display at graduation.  The committee originally settled on orange and black before discovering that those were the Princeton colors.  Subsequently, scarlet and gray were chosen, a decision that still affects Buckeyes today.

Howard graduated with the first class in 1878 and received a master’s degree in 1881 from Johns Hopkins University.  He then returned to Columbus and became the professor of chemistry and toxicology at Starling-Loving Medical College, which would become the OSU College of Medicine in 1914.  He also was involved in founding the University alumni association and was elected its first president.  In 1896, Howard traveled to the University of Berlin and studied there until 1899, when he returned to the College of Medicine, where he remained until 1916.  He died on October 23, 1932, in Columbus.

At the time of his death, he was the president of the Century Chemical Company of Columbus, a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and according to the OSU alumni magazine, he was an expert on “minerals and mineral waters”, “sanitary analyses of waters”, “natural and artificial gases”, “organic compounds, pharmaceutical compounds and poisons.”  He was also the author of several books in both English and German.

The original, framed, scarlet and gray ribbons

 

Reunion of Ohio State’s first graduating class, 1923. (Howard is on the far right in the second row.)

Filed by C.I.

 

Founder’s Day: ‘A small beginning makes a good ending’

University Hall, 1874

Nearly 140 years ago, the Ohio Agricultural and Mechanical College opened its doors.

On September 17, 1873, seven faculty members greeted the roughly two dozen students who showed up to get a college degree. (Reports vary between 17 and 25 on how many students there actually were.) The college’s sole building—University Hall—was still under construction, with an unfinished roof, no interior doors, and no more than a few benches for students.

There was no formal opening ceremony, nor a dedication. Therefore, it is not surprising that its opening went mostly unnoticed. However, one Ohio newspaper did write, perhaps a bit prophetically, “They say a small beginning makes a good ending.”

Despite the inauspicious beginnings, the University did succeed, and a lot of the credit for that success goes to the outstanding faculty. The Board of Trustees found remarkable individuals – men (and they were all men) who may not have achieved great honors but who recognized the worthiness of the University’s mission and dedicated themselves to the cause. And it was dedication. The faculty undertook significant workloads, not only teaching but donating time as per state requirement. For example, the agriculture professor was required by the state to analyze fertilizer samples—for free—for the general public. The faculty was also required to help with the grounds, including sanitation. On top of all that, many of the original faculty members lived in University Hall along with the students. Despite these conditions, many of these faculty members spent the rest of their careers at Ohio State.

First graduating class, 1878

But what did these professors teach? The focus was science, but the liberal arts were also required as part of the curriculum. Incoming students were required to take an entrance examination in “arithmetic, geography, English grammar, and elementary algebra.” Students also had classes in literature, history, agricultural science, engineering, chemistry, philosophy, and language (Professor Joseph Millikin apparently taught Latin, Greek, French, German, Anglo-Saxon and the Romance languages). From here, you know the story: Ohio State has been accumulating courses and departments—and students—ever since.

In 1878, the college changed its name to The Ohio State University, and the rest, as they say, is history.

For more information about the founding, visit our web exhibit at: http://library.osu.edu/projects/founding/.

Filed by C.N.

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