Stereotypes are a type of symbol used by cartoonists. Just as a light bulb above an American comic strip character’s head is understood to mean an inspiration, stereotypes symbolize complex ideas that are quickly and easily interpreted by readers.

The term stereotype is derived from a type of metal printing plate cast from a matrix or mold formed by a raised printing surface, such as type.

Cartoon art depicting racial and ethnic characteristics may be based on assumed physical characteristics or alleged religious practices that have a kernel of legitimacy in real physical traits or actual ritual. This trace of reality makes negative stereotypes particularly effective and difficult to combat, since they appear to be accurate in the opinion of those who hold them.

Throughout the latter half of the nineteenth century, ethnicity was the topic of many magazine cartoons. Most of these cartoons are not understood by today’s readers as humorous. Their crude wit provides a revealing glimpse of the history of race relations and religious tolerance in the United States. For example, Thomas Nast had prejudices against Irish immigrants and Roman Catholics that were common in the late nineteenth century.

Stereotypes may represent ideas, nations, groups of people or individuals. In addition to racial and ethnic characteristics, indicators of economic status such as clothing may be used as stereotypes.  

Without easily interpreted symbols and stereotypes, cartoons would require paragraphs of text and much more detailed drawings to transmit information. The cartoonist’s challenge is to portray physical traits and cultural practices accurately.