The Morton Rubin Papers contain a biography of Morton Rubin written by his brother Harry Rubin in 2004, as well as an appendix to that biography of a photocopy of Morton's diary from during the International Geophysical Year (1957-1958), and a copy of that appendix on compact disc. They also contain an audio recording and transcript of an oral history interview of Morton from a series of polar oral histories sponsored by the American Polar Society and Ohio State University's Byrd Polar Research Center Archival Program. In this oral history interview from July 21, 2000, Morton discusses his time in Antarctica as a meteorologist during the International Geophysical year, as well as his relations with Russian scientists also in Antarctica at the time.

The William E. Long Oral History, dated 2000-2001, contains audio recordings, administrative information, and transcripts of the interview between Dr. Long and Karen Brewster of the American Polar Society conducted on April 28, 2001. This interview was a part of a series of polar oral histories sponsored by the American Polar Society and Ohio State University's Byrd Polar Research Center Archival Program, with funding from the National Science Foundation. Major topics discussed include Long's rock climbing, his time as a survival instructor in the United States Air Force during the Korean War, his school experiences, and his trip to Antarctica to gather geological information for the International Geophysical Year (1957-1959.)

The Ned A. Ostenso Papers consists of 1,346 35mm slides, many captioned, that document Ostenso's work in Antarctica from 1956-1959, and the Arctic in 1961 and 1965. The collection also contains a biographical file for Ostenso, which dates from 1956-1997, and includes obituaries, resumes and articles.

The Howard O. Wessbecher Oral History, dated 1957 and 2000 to 2001, contains audio recordings, administrative information, and transcripts of the interview between Wessbecher and Brian Shoemaker of the American Polar Society conducted on April 20, 2000. This interview was a part of a series of polar oral histories sponsored by the American Polar Society and Ohio State University's Byrd Polar Research Center Archival Program, with funding from the National Science Foundation. Major topics discussed include Wessbecher's almost four years of continuous duty in the Arctic and Antarctic regions, weather and ice observations in polar areas, and general relations between Navy and civilian personnel in the polar regions, especially related to the advance planning for the International Geophysical Year (1957-1958.)

The Nolan Aughenbaugh Oral History, dated January-April 2001, contains audio recordings, notes, and transcripts of the interview between Brian Shoemaker and Dian Belanger of the American Polar Society, and Dr. Aughenbaugh, conducted on April 12, 2001. This interview was a part of a series of polar oral histories sponsored by the American Polar Society and Ohio State University's Byrd Polar Research Center Archival Program, with funding from the National Science Foundation. Major topics discussed include Aughenbaugh's trip to Antarctica during the International Geophysical Year of 1957-1958, his memories of his time in Antarctica, his experiences with Finn Ronne in Antarctica, and his teaching career following his return from the expedition.

The Richard L. Cameron Oral History, dated 2002-2009, contains audio recordings, administrative information, and transcripts of the interview between Cameron and Brian Shoemaker of the American Polar Society conducted on October 8, 2003. The notes are dated before, during, and after the interview, and the interview transcript was completed in 2009. This interview was a part of a series of polar oral histories sponsored by American Polar Society and Ohio State University's Byrd Polar Research Center Archival Program, with funding from the National Science Foundation. Major topics discussed include what led to Dr. Cameron to pursue a career in glaciology, his experiences in Antarctica during the International Geophysical Year (1957-1958), his research studying the properties of glaciers, ice, and snow in Antarctica, earning his Doctorate at The Ohio State University and the different positions he had there, his experiences during the South Pole-Queen Maud Land Traverse (1964-1965) in Antarctica, and the different roles he had at the National Science Foundation.

The Operation Deep Freeze Collection contains a digital art printout of USS Arneb created by George E. Bieda and dated 2001.

The Carl Hoffmeyer Scrapbook on Operation Deep Freeze I, dated 1955-1957, contains newspaper clippings about the United States’ exploration and research progress during Operation Deep Freeze I. Newspaper clippings about the exploration of Antarctica by the United Kingdom, Russia, New Zealand, and Japan are also included in the scrapbook. Hoffmeyer divided the scrapbook into several sections; the sections are divided by articles that define the purpose of Operation Deep Freeze, the equipment used during the expedition, and the operation’s progress. The last part of the scrapbook has newspaper clippings related to the International Geophysical Year and the death of Admiral Richard E. Byrd.

The Arlo Landolt Oral History, dated 2001-2002, contains audio recordings, notes, and a transcript of the interview between Dr. Landolt and Brian Shoemaker of the American Polar Society conducted on April 10, 2001. This interview was a part of a series of polar oral histories sponsored by the American Polar Society and Ohio State University's Byrd Polar Research Center Archival Program, with funding from the National Science Foundation. Major topics discussed include Landolt's trip to Antarctica in 1956-1957 for the International Geophysical Year, his scientific research on the trip, memories of Antarctica, and his astronomy career.

The Lincoln and Tahoe Washburn Oral History, dated 2002, contains audio recordings, administrative information, and transcripts of the interview of Lincoln and Tahoe by Brian Shoemaker of the American Polar Society conducted on May 9-10, 2002. This interview was a part of a series of polar oral histories sponsored by the American Polar Society and Ohio State University's Byrd Polar Research Center Archival Program, with funding from the National Science Foundation. Major topics discussed include Lincoln (often referred to in the oral history as Link) and Tahoe's many research trips to the Arctic, his involvement in the founding of several major Arctic-focused institutions, their partnership in both fieldwork and marriage, and memories of the many locations across the globe that Lincoln's career took them.

The Philip M. Smith Papers, dated circa 1898-1935 and 1954-2013, contains photographs, slides, postal covers, publications, reports, newspaper clippings, treaties, artifacts, certificates and maps, which document Smith's career in administration of research in the Polar Regions, as well as his own fieldwork. Some of the artifacts and framed prints contain materials such as paintings and signs that predate Smith's career and relate to polar explorers, including British explorers, and to landscapes.

The Calvin Larsen Papers, dated 1956-1958 and 2000, contain materials related to Calvin Larsen's time as a United States Navy photographer assigned to cover Operation Deep Freeze II begining in 1956, and the International Geophysical Year in Antarctica from 1957-1958. These materials include a set of 172 numbered and labeled 35mm Kodachrome slides taken by Larsen while in Antarctica in 1956-1957, and several magazines where his photographs of Antarctica were published. Also included is an audio recording of an oral history interview with Larsen from 2000. This oral history is from a series of polar oral histories sponsored by the American Polar Society and Ohio State University's Byrd Polar Research Center Archival Program. A transcript of the interview is included in addition to the audio recording.

The J. McKim Malville Oral History, dated 2000, contains audio recordings, administrative information, and transcripts of the interview between Dr. Malville and Brian Shoemaker of the American Polar Society conducted on October 3, 2000. This interview was a part of a series of polar oral histories sponsored by the American Polar Society and Ohio State University's Byrd Polar Research Center Archival Program, with funding from the National Science Foundation. Major topics discussed include Malville's trip to Antarctica in 1956-1957 for scientific research as preparation for the International Geophysical Year, memories of the trip, and relations with the United States Navy members who also staffed the base. Scientific topics researched by Malville on the trip include the auroras, his primary research topic, atmospheric sodium, and meteorites and micrometeorites that landed in Antarctic ice; Malville was the first person to look for meteorites in Antarctica.

The Charles R. Bentley Papers, dated 1948-2011, contains data sheets, data books, seismograms, aerial photographs, punched cards, microfilm, and magnetic data tapes compiled during his career as a polar scientist at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. In addition, the collection contains course documentation, correspondence, maps, publications, minutes, programs, equipment and member lists, forms, proposals and reports gathered from Bentley's interactions with professional organizations, his expeditions, and the courses he taught at University of Wisconsin-Madison. The collection includes national and international meetings files that come from numerous polar and related organizations.

The Edward Goodale Papers date from 1956 to 1988, and contains materials collected by Goodale that relate to his multiple trips to Antarctica, as well as general interest materials on Antarctica. These materials include a memory book created for those who served on the U.S.S. Glacier in 1955-1956, four portraits of United States Navy admirals, group photographs of Goodale and unknown others, several issues of a newsletter for participants of Byrd Antarctic Expedition I, Ike's Travels (which discusses notable historic trips to Antarctica), and newspaper clippings about both Goodale's trips to Antarctica and trips made by other scientists.

The William Smith Papers, dated from 1947-1971, contains publications, diaries and manuscripts concerning Operation Deep Freeze III in 1957, and International Geophysical Year (IGY) 1957-1958, including interviews with wintering personnel. The publications, which range from 1947-1971, appear to be research material for Smith's psychological studies on polar scientists. His interviews with International Geophysical Year staff and others in Antarctica took place between 1956-1960.

The Benjamin Remington Oral History, dated 2000 to 2001, contains audio recordings, administrative information, and transcripts of the interview between Remington and Brian Shoemaker of the American Polar Society conducted on February 25, 2000. This interview was a part of a series of polar oral histories sponsored by the American Polar Society and Ohio State University's Byrd Polar Research Center Archival Program, with funding from the National Science Foundation. Major topics discussed include Remington's time as a meteorologist in Antarctica during Operation Deep Freeze II and during the International Geophysical Year (IGY) 1958-1959. He reminisced about winters in Antarctica, meteorological data taken while there, and friendships with other men who were there at the same time, as well as describing experiments involving weather balloons.

The Frank Stokes Oral History, dated 2001 and 2009, contains audio recordings, notes, correspondence, and transcripts of the interview between Stokes and Brian Shoemaker of the American Polar Society conducted on May 15, 2001. This interview was a part of a series of polar oral histories sponsored by the American Polar Society and Ohio State University’s Byrd Polar Research Center Archival Program, with funding from the National Science Foundation. Major topics of the oral history include Stokes' time at Little America as Communications Officer, and the closure of Little America.

The Thomas Gray Papers, dated 1959, 2000-2006, consist of a wooden plaque painted by Thomas Gray while he was stationed at Little America V during the International Geophysical Year, 1957-1958. This collection also includes an oral history interview on audiocassette where Gray discussed his experience as the chief meteorologist of the Antarctic Weather Bureau and how he managed a team of international meteorologists.