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<ead xsi:schemaLocation="urn:isbn:1-931666-22-9 http://www.loc.gov/ead/ead.xsd" xmlns:ns2="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="urn:isbn:1-931666-22-9" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
    <eadheader findaidstatus="Completed" repositoryencoding="iso15511" countryencoding="iso3166-1" dateencoding="iso8601" langencoding="iso639-2b">
        <eadid url="https://library.osu.edu/finding-aids/ead/RARE/SPEC.RARE.0286.xml">2019-09-09</eadid>
        <filedesc>
            <titlestmt>
                <titleproper>Guide to the 
                    <emph render="italic">Wecli Fonetic Advocat</emph> and 
                    <emph render="italic">Type of the Times</emph> Issues, 1852-1854
                    <num>SPEC.RARE.0286</num>
                </titleproper>
                <author>Finding aid prepared by Beth Crowner</author>
            </titlestmt>
            <publicationstmt>
                <publisher>Ohio State University Libraries Special Collections</publisher>
                <address>
                    <addressline>1858 Neil Avenue</addressline>
                    <addressline>Columbus, OH, 43210</addressline>
                </address>
                <date>2019 July</date>
            </publicationstmt>
        </filedesc>
        <profiledesc>
            <creation>This finding aid was produced using the Archivists' Toolkit
                <date>2019-09-09T15:18-0400</date>
            </creation>
            <langusage>English</langusage>
            <descrules>Describing Archives: A Content Standard</descrules>
        </profiledesc>
    </eadheader>
    <archdesc level="collection">
        <did>
            <unittitle>
                <emph render="italic">Wecli Fonetic Advocat</emph> and 
                <emph render="italic">Type of the Times</emph> Issues</unittitle>
            <unitid>SPEC.RARE.0286</unitid>
            <repository>
                <corpname>Ohio State University Libraries Special Collections</corpname>
            </repository>
            <langmaterial>
                <language langcode="eng"/>
            </langmaterial>
            <physdesc>
                <extent>0.37 Cubic feet</extent>
            </physdesc>
            <unitdate>1852-1854</unitdate>
            <abstract id="ref1" label="Abstract">Phonetic spelling began to be advocated in the 1830s-1840s, which led to some publications, including the 
                <emph render="italic">Chicago Tribune</emph>, using the new proposed spellings. The 
                <emph render="italic">Wecli Fonetic Advocat</emph> and 
                <emph render="italic">Type of the Times</emph> Issues contains three journals, dated 1852-1854, written almost entirely in phonetic English, with some English articles included. The collection includes two issues of 
                <emph render="italic">Wecli Fonetic Advocat</emph>, or "Weekly Phonetic Advocate," a Cincinnati, Ohio publication produced by Longley &amp; Brother. The collection also contains one issue of 
                <emph render="italic">Type of the Times</emph>, published in Cincinnati, Ohio, by the Longley Brothers company. The journals also advertise other businesses and services in a paid ads section, as well as listing books available for purchase from the Longleys. Given the volume and issue numbers, it is likely that the 
                <emph render="italic">Wecli Fonetic Advocat</emph> became 
                <emph render="italic">Type of the Times</emph>, rather than being two separate publications.</abstract>
            <physdesc id="ref2" label="Physical Description">(1) oversize flat box</physdesc>
            <langmaterial id="ref3" label="Language of Materials">Phonetic English, English</langmaterial>
            <origination label="creator">
                <corpname rules="rda" source="naf">Longley &amp; Brother.</corpname>
            </origination>
            <origination label="creator">
                <corpname rules="rda" source="naf">Longley Brothers.</corpname>
            </origination>
        </did>
        <arrangement id="ref14">
            <head>Arrangement of Materials</head>
            <p>The collection is arranged chronologically.</p>
        </arrangement>
        <acqinfo id="ref4">
            <head>Acquisitions Information</head>
            <p>Unknown</p>
        </acqinfo>
        <prefercite id="ref5">
            <head>Preferred Citation</head>
            <p>[identification of item], 
                <emph render="italic">Wecli Fonetic Advocat</emph> and 
                <emph render="italic">Type of the Times</emph> Issues, SPEC.RARE.0286, Rare Books and Manuscripts Library, Ohio State University</p>
        </prefercite>
        <accessrestrict id="ref6">
            <head>Access to Materials</head>
            <p>Materials in this collection are available for use, but may be used in the Thompson Library Special Collections reading room only.</p>
        </accessrestrict>
        <userestrict id="ref7">
            <head>Use of Materials</head>
            <p>Materials in this collection may be protected by copyright, and are made available for research and educational purposes. In general, the OSU Libraries do not own the copyright for materials from our collections and cannot grant copyright permissions for these materials. The user is responsible for making a final determination of copyright status. If copyright protection applies, permission must be obtained from the copyright holder to reuse, publish, or reproduce the work beyond the bounds of fair use or other exceptions to the law. Works in the public domain are not protected by copyright and do not require permission to use.</p>
        </userestrict>
        <processinfo id="ref8">
            <head>Processing Information</head>
            <p>Processed by: Beth Crowner, 2019 July; Finding aid written by: Beth Crowner, 2019 July</p>
        </processinfo>
        <bioghist id="ref9">
            <head>Historical Note</head>
            <p>Noah Webster published his dictionary 
                <emph render="italic">A Compendious Dictionary of the English Language</emph> in 1806, which included notes on orthography and suggested English language reforms. In the 1830s-1840s, phonetic spelling was advocated by Issac Pitman and Alexander John Ellis, which led to works such as 
                <emph render="italic">A Plea for Phonetic Spelling</emph>, written by Ellis. A major American newspaper, the 
                <emph render="italic">Chicago Tribune</emph>, began using the new proposed spellings, and several societies were formed during the 1870s to advocate the new spellings, such as the American Spelling Reform Association.</p>
            <p>The 
                <emph render="italic">Wecli Fonetic Advocat</emph>, or "Weekly Phonetic Advocate," was a journal published almost entirely in phonetic English that was printed by Elias and Servetus Longley of Cincinnati, Ohio, under Longley &amp; Brother publishing company in the 1850s. The phonetic journal 
                <emph render="italic">Type of the Times</emph> was also published in Cincinnati by five of the Longley brothers under the company name Longley Brothers, later known as Longley &amp; Co. Given the volume and issue numbers, it is likely that the 
                <emph render="italic">Wecli Fonetic Advocat</emph> became 
                <emph render="italic">Type of the Times</emph>, rather than being two separate publications.</p>
        </bioghist>
        <scopecontent id="ref10">
            <head>Scope and Contents</head>
            <p>The 
                <emph render="italic">Wecli Fonetic Advocat</emph> and 
                <emph render="italic">Type of the Times</emph> Issues contains three journals, dated 1852-1854, written almost entirely in phonetic English, with some English articles included. The collection includes two issues of 
                <emph render="italic">Wecli Fonetic Advocat</emph>, or "Weekly Phonetic Advocate," a Cincinnati, Ohio publication produced by Longley &amp; Brother. The collection also contains one issue of 
                <emph render="italic">Type of the Times</emph>, published in Cincinnati, Ohio, by the Longley Brothers company. The journals also advertise other businesses and services in a paid ads section, as well as listing books available for purchase from the Longleys.</p>
        </scopecontent>
        <controlaccess>
            <corpname rules="rda" source="naf">Longley &amp; Brother.</corpname>
            <corpname rules="rda" source="naf">Longley Brothers.</corpname>
            <subject source="lcsh">English language--Phonetics--19th century</subject>
            <subject source="lcsh">Publications--Cincinnati--Ohio--19th century</subject>
            <title source="local">Type of the times</title>
            <title source="local">Wecli fonetic advocat</title>
        </controlaccess>
        <dsc>
            <c01 id="ref11" level="file">
                <did>
                    <unittitle>
                        <emph render="italic">Wecli Fonetic Advocat</emph>, volume 5, number 2</unittitle>
                    <container id="cid12575001" type="Box" label="Mixed materials">1</container>
                    <container parent="cid12575001" type="Folder">1</container>
                    <unitdate>1852 August 7</unitdate>
                </did>
            </c01>
            <c01 id="ref12" level="file">
                <did>
                    <unittitle>
                        <emph render="italic">Wecli Fonetic Advocat</emph>, volume 6, number 5</unittitle>
                    <container id="cid12575002" type="Box" label="Mixed materials">1</container>
                    <container parent="cid12575002" type="Folder">2</container>
                    <unitdate>1853 September 3</unitdate>
                </did>
            </c01>
            <c01 id="ref13" level="file">
                <did>
                    <unittitle>
                        <emph render="italic">Type of the Times</emph>, volume 7, number 37</unittitle>
                    <container id="cid12575003" type="Box" label="Mixed materials">1</container>
                    <container parent="cid12575003" type="Folder">3</container>
                    <unitdate>1854 September 16</unitdate>
                </did>
            </c01>
        </dsc>
    </archdesc>
</ead>
