The Peter J. Anderson Papers, dated 1889-1995, contain research notes, publications, summaries, articles, audiovisual materials, reports, clippings, photographs, and slides, which pertain almost exclusively to Anderson's activities while a member of the Byrd Polar Research Center at Ohio State University. Included in this collection are materials related to Anderson's project, "A Chronology of the United States in Antarctica," funded by the National Science Foundation from 1984-1987. There are also research materials collected by Anderson for polar aviation and in preparation for a definitive biography of Richard E. Byrd. Philately materials collected by and given to Anderson, such as covers (envelopes) from polar regions, are included in this collection.

The Committee on Institutional Cooperation Records contain annual reports, reports of the CIC Conference Group on Ocean Studies, and research abstracts from the Summer Research Opportunities Program. Materials are dated 1969-1990.

The Ohio Inter-University Research Council Records contain reports, proposals, minutes, and other administrative records related to research projects from 1979-1982. Many of the research projects focus on energy resources.

The Charles Swithinbank Correspondence Received During Service on Ninth Soviet Antarctic Expedition and Report of Expedition Activities is dated 1962-1966. The correspondence was written by members of the Sixth and Seventh Soviet Antarctic Expedition to Dr. Thomas O. Jones, the director of the National Science Foundation. The correspondence expresses gratitude to American scientists that visited the Soviet Novolazarevskaya ice shelf station. The correspondence, dated 1962-1963, was sent to Charles Swithinbank as reference materials for his visit to Novolazarevskaya. This collection also includes a report written by Charles Swithinbank, Technical Notes on the Ninth Soviet Antarctic Expedition, 1963-1965. The report provides an introduction on Swithinbank’s purpose for writing the report and how he is the first scientist from the United Kingdom to visit Novolazarevskaya. The report includes details about the supplies and equipment available at the station, the research being conducted, and photographs of the Ninth Soviet Antarctic Expedition members. A letter from Charles Swithinbank to Dr. Thomas Jones about the report is also included.

The Henry Brecher Papers, dated 1958-2007, contains photographic slides, photograph prints, notes, and reports documenting Henry Brecher's field work in Antarctica, Greenland, Canada, Peru, China and Tanzania. Captions are written on the slides. Brecher's diary and reports documents his work with Operation Deep Freeze V and the Victoria Land Traverse, which was the first American traverse to the South Pole from 1959-1960. Maps of mountains and regions in Antartica and digital reproductions of the slide images are included in this collection. Also included is an oral history interview on audiocassette of Brecher conducted in 1999 with a transcript; in it, he discusses how he became involved in Antarctic expeditions, as well as memories of the South Pole Traverse he participated in. Finally, the collection contains topographic maps and orthophotic maps of a landslide on Sherman Glacier, Alaska; Brecher plotted these maps for use by Cedomir Marangunic in his dissertation.

The Philip M. Smith Papers, dated circa 1898-1935 and 1954-2013, contains photographs, slides, postal covers, publications, reports, newspaper clippings, treaties, artifacts, certificates and maps, which document Smith's career in administration of research in the Polar Regions, as well as his own fieldwork. Some of the artifacts and framed prints contain materials such as paintings and signs that predate Smith's career and relate to polar explorers, including British explorers, and to landscapes.

The South Pole Traverse Project Records consist of materials related to the development of the South Pole Traverse by the National Science Foundation. Materials date from 1956 to 2007; materials from before 2002-2005 (the dates of the actual project) were gathered as background research in support of the project. These project records include manuals, annual reports detailing the progress of the project, and additional background research gathered in support of the project, including how it would increase availability of LC-130H aircraft for scientific research since they would no longer be tied up in supply runs.

The Charles R. Bentley Papers, dated 1948-2011, contains data sheets, data books, seismograms, aerial photographs, punched cards, microfilm, and magnetic data tapes compiled during his career as a polar scientist at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. In addition, the collection contains course documentation, correspondence, maps, publications, minutes, programs, equipment and member lists, forms, proposals and reports gathered from Bentley's interactions with professional organizations, his expeditions, and the courses he taught at University of Wisconsin-Madison. The collection includes national and international meetings files that come from numerous polar and related organizations.

The Alfred N. Fowler Papers, dated 1963-2001, contains reports, notes, maps, VHS videocassettes, minutes, environmental assessments, environmental protection plans, memoranda, manuals, handbooks, and correspondence. The collection documents Fowler's involvement in the Antarctic Treaty System from 1972-1997. These materials record the inception and first nine years of the Council of Managers of National Antarctic Programs (COMNAP).

The Peter Webb Papers, which dates from 1970-circa 2018, contains reports, photographs, negatives, project files, correspondence, and other research files produced by Peter Webb or otherwise related to his career. The majority of the collection centers on his analysis of fossils and minerals in Antarctic ice cores for the Ross Ice Shelf Project and the Dry Valley Drilling Project, which Webb participated in as a faculty member of Northern Illinois University, before coming to the Ohio State University. His project focused on drilling. A few files relate to his position and publications at Ohio State University as a faculty member at the Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center.

“Come North With Me” Transcription and “Bernt Balchen, Colonel, United States Air Force, Retired: A Special Report on the Unique Career of a Great American Patriot” is a transcription and report about Bernt Balchen’s early life, military career, and his work with Admiral Richard E. Byrd’s North Pole and South Pole flights. The materials were brought together by Bernt Balchen's wife, Bess Urbahn. The transcription was a rough draft of Balchen’s autobiography, “Come North With Me” and it was created by Balchen and Urbahn, circa 1957. Balchen used a Stenorette machine to dictate his autobiography and Urbahn would transcribe what Balchen said. In the transcription, Balchen recounts meeting his childhood hero, Roald Amundsen, and working with Admiral Richard E. Byrd on his North Pole and South Pole flights. “Bernt Balchen, Colonel, United States Air Force, Retired: A Special Report on the Unique Career of a Great American Patriot” is a report written by Evelyn Moore Isakson in 1972, and it details Balchen’s work with Byrd, his military service, and the circumstances leading to his retirement in 1956. The report was initially written to appeal to the United States government to award Balchen the Medal of Honor and elevate Balchen to a higher military rank.

The Colin Bull Papers, dated 1933-2002, contains correspondence, reports, articles, manuscripts, publications, maps, negatives, an oral history, and notebooks created or collected by Bull in his professional activities, organizations, expeditions, and research. Considerable portions of the collection focus on Bull's role as a participant in the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) Working Group on Glaciology, SCAR and the Council on Polar Research and National Science Foundation's (NSF) Division of Polar Programs. The collection also contains negatives of the British North Greenland Expedition of 1952-1954. Later material in this collection concern the transcripts and audio recordings of an oral history interview between Colin Bull and Brian Shoemaker of the American Polar Society on August 20, 2000, where Bull provided details about his career.

The Ohio Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit Publications date from 1936 to 1996, and consist of publications such as annual and quarterly reports, and news releases.

The National Science Foundation Research Vessel Hero Records consists of operations manuals, ships logs, reports, receipts, contracts, correspondence, deck logs, and engine logs from the Research Vessel Hero's years in service as a field vessel for the National Science Foundation; materials date from 1970 to 1985.

The Higher Education Council of Columbus Records contains reports, correspondence, recordings, minutes, planning documents, and grant proposals which include information on the Higher Education Council of Columbus' history, projects, training, committees, and the Board of Trustees. Materials date from 1977-2000.

The Ohio State University Research Foundation (OSURF) Technical Reports contain annual and monthly progress reports (interim, final, technical, etc.) on research projects coordinated by the Foundation. Later projects also contain reports on research projects that were created out of the original research project, and may not relate directly back to the original research topic. Topics and sponsors of projects vary widely. The project number appears before each project description, with the reports corresponding to the project listed beneath each of these numbered descriptions. The materials date from 1935-1994.