The Frederick Albert Cook Collection dates from 1909, 1955, and 1991-2009, with the bulk of items dating from 1991-2009. It consists of materials that are about Cook, including newspaper clippings covering his and Robert Peary's journeys to the North Pole, a book prospectus about Cook's journey to the North Pole, and a microfilm copy of the Library of Congress's Frederick Albert Cook Papers.The collection also contains essays and photographs from writers who argue that Cook did not reach the summit of Denali or the North Pole, and writers who believe that he was the first person to reach the summit of Denali and the North Pole.

The Robert Dean Patton Papers contain essays and articles that are mostly unpublished.

The Byrd Arctic Expedition North Pole Flight Collection contains materials both from and about Byrd's North Pole Flight on May 9, 1926, some of which date before or after the flight. The collection contains black and white photographs by an unknown photographer of Admiral Byrd, Floyd Bennett, and unidentified expedition members preparing for the flight, as well as a painting of the airplane used for the flight, and programs for events honoring Byrd and celebrating the flight; these materials date from circa 1926 May to after 1926 June. Also included are two 1995 photocopies of essays regarding the validity of the flight. One is by Epaminondas "Pete" Demas, one of Byrd's expedition members who remained on the ground in Spitsbergen, Norway, and was written in 1975. The other essay is by Bernt Balchen and written circa 1960s; while he was not a member of Byrd's expedition, Balchen was also on the ground in Spitsbergen, Norway at the time as a part of the ground crew for Roald Amundsen's May 12, 1926 flight over the North Pole in the dirigible Norge.