The Charles J.V. Murphy Papers, dated 1926-1937, 1960-1974, and circa 1990s-2012, contains radio scripts, correspondence, meteorological reports, Struggle: The Life and Exploits of Commander Richard E. Byrd, book chapters, press releases, notes, correspondence between Murphy and several family members, and daily journal writings mainly concerning Byrd Antarctic Expedition II, 1933-1935, with some correspondence during Byrd Antarctic Expedition I, 1928-1930 and his North Pole flight. Due to Murphy being Byrd's ghost writer, some original Byrd materials are found in this collection. The latter materials include correspondence and articles regarding Bernt Balchen's claims that Byrd lied about his North Pole flight of 1926, as well as compact discs containing correspondence from Byrd Antarctic Expedition II.

The Herwil M. Bryant Papers, dated circa 1930s-circa 2000s, contain materials that Herwil M. Bryant created or collected while serving on the United States Antarctic Service Expedition from 1939-1941. This includes his journals, both the handwritten originals and photocopies and typed transcriptions of the originals. Also included are photographs, negatives, and photographic slides that he created during the expedition as well as correspondence, notes, press clippings, objects, and ephemera. In addition, the papers contain notes and other materials related to lectures Bryant gave about Antarctica and his experiences during the U.S. Antarctic Service Expedition, including lectures he gave aboard Antarctic cruises. Photographs he took during Antarctic cruises are also included. There are two USB flash drives that contain digital files of Bryant’s U.S. Antarctic Service Expedition journals and photographs as well as narrations he recorded after the expedition. Also included is an unidentified reel of 16mm film.

The Jacob Bursey Diary Kept While Serving as a Member of Byrd Antarctic Expedition I, dated 1929, contains daily entries from Bursey and a memoranda note where he evaluates his time in Antarctica. Each entry begins with a weather report. Some entries are brief and only contain information about the weather conditions and the temperature. Other entries provide more details about Bursey's preparation and work to mark safe trails for the expedition party, his experience camping out on the trail, and his interactions with the dogs on his sled team.

The Jean A. Simoneau Papers, which dates from 1941-1947, contains photographs, postal covers, newspaper clippings, periodicals, a diary log, a certificate and a portrait that relate to his experience during Operation Highjump, 1946-1947.

The Lisle A. Rose Papers, dated 1947-2014, contains photographs, diaries, oral history interviews and transcripts, periodicals, slides, a yearbook, reports and correspondence primarily regarding Rose's participation in Operation Deep Freeze II and his role as Polar Affairs officer for the Bureau of Oceans and International Environment and Scientific Affairs (OES). Correspondence includes a letter from Rose's brother Dave dated January 1947, to Rose's parents, while Dave was on Operation Highjump. The collection also includes Deep Freeze II stamps and envelopes as well as photocopies of other polar explorers' papers.

The Stuart D. Paine and Paine Family Papers, which dates from 1921-1988 and 2010, contains Paine's diaries, sketches, artifacts, notes, certificates, maps and newsclippings that he appeared to gather during and about the Second Byrd Antarctic Expedition (1933-1935). The collection also contains United States Geological Survey quad maps, essays and interview transcripts created and collected by Paine's family regarding his experience during the expedition and about his lead sledge dog, Jack the Giant Killer.

"The Daily Dirt" by Walfred Miller, Annotated and Edited by Michael J. Hughes is a transcription of Miller's daily logbook from his time aboard the "Bear of Oakland" during the Byrd Antaractic Expedition II (BAE II) from September 1933 through May 1935. Miller's log records his experiences and thoughts, as well as as the ship's location, weather, recipes, autographs from crew members, lists of correspondence he sent and received throughout the expedition, and lists of rolls of film he used. Michael J. Hughes transcribed the pages of Miller's logbook into a typescript in 2009 as part of a personal research project, and included photocopies of select original pages. The document also includes photocopies of photographs from the expedition, and supplemental information added by Hughes, such as maps and images of Antarctica. The end of the document includes photocopies of newspaper articles and photographs about Miller's life in Alaska after BAE II. This edition was revised in 2019 to include the supplements.