The Byrd Antarctic Expedition II Collection contains collected materials both from and about Byrd Antarctic Expedition II, some of which date before and after the Expedition. A candlestick from an expedition ship dates from 1884, and the rest of the collection dates from 1928 to 2010, with the bulk of materials dating between 1928 and 1935. The collection includes items such as correspondence from expedition members, artifacts from the United States Ship Bear and the expedition itself, a scrapbook, photocopies of the South Pole Radio News published by the expedition, an account of the trip to rescue Admiral Byrd from Advance Base by a crew member, advertisements by sponsors of the expedition, and postal covers.

The George M. Troutman Papers, dated circa 1928-1935, contain materials created or collected by George M. Troutman that mostly relate to the first Byrd Antarctic Expedition and document Troutman's connection with some of the expedition's members. In particular, the papers document his relationship with Sidney Greason. Materials include correspondence, photographs, and newspaper clippings. Also included are covers, which are self-addressed, stamped envelopes that have been sent through the mail, that Troutman collected during the second Byrd Antarctic Expedition.

The Robert S. Oesch Papers, dated 1955-1984, consists of covers, newspaper articles and clippings, stickers, and other materials related to Oesch's interest in Antarctica’s postal history and polar philately. The covers are stamped from a polar philately collector in Argentina and feature postage stamps that commemorate Argentina's Antarctica expeditions, the creation of bases in Argentine Antarctica, and the Falkland Islands. Newspaper articles, clippings, and the Antartida magazine feature stories about people's experiences living in Antarctica, updates on scientific and professional developments related to Arctic expeditions, and polar philately. These papers also include lists of covers sought out by polar philatelists and a timeline of Antarctica's postal history. Some materials in this collection are in Spanish.