ARABIC 241

Culture of the Contemporary Arab World

 

 

Introduction to Library Resources

 

 

 

OSU Libraries home page:  http://library.osu.edu/

Middle East Studies Library home page:  http://library.osu.edu/sites/mes

 

 

Middle East Studies Reading Room

550 Ackerman Library

600 Ackerman Road

Open same hours as Ackerman Library (M-F 7.30-10.00; Sa 8-8; Su 11-10)

 

Middle East Studies Office

5711 D

Staffed M-F 9-5 and by appointment

 

Dona Straley, Middle East Studies Librarian

            247-8229

            straley.1@osu.edu

 

Patrick Visel, Middle East Studies Assistant

            688-8796

            visel.1@osu.edu

 

 

 

 

Note:   The location(s) and call no. of printed books is given in parentheses after the title.

(MES DS80C54 1998) means that the book is in the Middle East Studies Reading Room on the 1st floor of the Ackerman Library, and is shelved in call no. order.

 

Books in MES (Middle East Studies Reading Room), SUL Ref, etc., that are mentioned in this handout are non-circulating; they may not be checked out and taken home but must be used in the library.  Books listed as Ackerman Stacks may be borrowed.  If you aren’t sure, take the book to the Circulation Desk in the library and ask if you can borrow it.

 

When using one of these books, remember that some of your classmates may wish to use it as well.  So after using it, put it on a table near the shelf where you found it.  Please don’t leave it in another room or on another floor, as it may take a couple of days to find its way home.

 

How to Evaluate and Use Web Sites

 

 

            So you’ve Googled the name of a country or topic and gotten back lots of hits.  How do you know which Web sites have good, accurate information which can be used for your paper and presentation?

            First, take an online course which helps you learn to recognize quality Web sites.  OSU Libraries has developed such a course, which you can access at http://gateway.lib.ohio-state.edu/tutor/ (choose the tutorial “Evaluating Web Sites” listed under Research Techniques).  It won’t take you long to work your way through this tutorial – less than an hour.

            Remember that a good Web site is like a good book – it will tell you about the author or producer, it will present information that does not use emotionally-charged or pejorative words to sway your opinion, it will tell you where the information has come from (just like the bibliography in a book tells you where the author got information), and it will tell you when the information was gathered and when the Web site was last updated.

            If you’re not sure about a Web site, ask your teacher or librarian to have a look at it and help you decide whether or not it’s a stable site containing reliable information.

            And remember – when you use information from the Web, you must document it, just like you document the information you take from books and magazines, by using footnotes, references or a bibliography (or Webography!).  If you’re not sure how to do this, check out the examples on the OSU Libraries Web site: Go to http://library.osu.edu/sites/guides/, then scroll down to the section “Citation Style Guides.”  Each of the styles includes examples of different types of electronic sources.


 

Wikipedia or Not Wikipedia?

           

            Should you use Wikipedia (http://www.wikipedia.org/) for classroom assignments?  There is a lot of discussion about this among librarians, teachers, faculty members and others as to how accurate and objective a source Wikipedia is, when it is constructed by many different people.

 

            I suggest that you use Wikipedia as background, but always find another source to confirm what you read at Wikipedia.  This is especially true of any topic that is controversial or about which people hold very strong opinions, whether it is a topic related to religion, politics, or social issues.  Think of how difficult it is to portray a balanced and objective viewpoint on topics such as Democrats vs. Republicans, abortion, and homosexuality in our own culture – so what about the Arab-Israeli situation, veiling of women, and terrorism in the context of the Middle East?  Pay attention to the warnings that may be present on some articles.

 

            A program recently developed by a graduate student, Wikiscanner (http://wikiscanner.virgil.gr/) allows you to see the ip address and corporation name where that ip address is located of changes to Wikipedia articles.  If you click on the number in the column “diff”, you can see what changes were made. 

 

            One of the people who originally designed Wikipedia is now involved in Citizendium (http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Main_Page), which is similar to Wikipedia but which requires contributors to use their real names and which subjects contributions to “gentle oversight” in order to ensure accuracy and avoid some of the problems that have plagued Wikipedia.  It is still in beta test, and the number of articles is small.  They are added randomly, as contributors write them.  For example, there is an article on Lebanon but not on Morocco.  It’s a good idea to check here to see if there’s something available on your topic. The site is growing rapidly and should rival Wikipedia within a couple of years.

Web Portal Sites

 

Al-Bab.com

http://www.al-bab.com/Default.htm

Country guides, news, architecture, history, literature, minority groups.

Excellent short essays on a variety of topics, as well as links to other sites.

           

Al Bawaba (The Middle East Gateway)

http://www.albawaba.com/main/index.ie.php3?lang=e

Links by country to sites on news & the media, business & economy, education, government, tourism, culture, sports & recreation, and the arts. Good for current events as well as general information; links to newspapers and magazines in English covering news and cultural events.

 

Middle East Network Information Center, University of Texas     

http://menic.utexas.edu/

Choose from the list of countries.  Includes links to other sites on the arts, the economy, education, government, health & medicine, news and media, science and technology, society and culture.  

 

Middle East & Islamic Studies Collections, Cornell University

http://www.library.cornell.edu/colldev/mideast/home.htm

This site is particularly good if you are looking for current documents and information on politics; for example, there are links to al-Qaida documents.

 

MERIA (Middle East Review of International Affairs)

http://meria.idc.ac.il/

“Research Guides” includes links to Web sites by topic; “links” serves as a portal by country and topic

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other Web Resources

 

Current Events

 

            Many newspapers and magazines in English and other languages published in the Middle East are now available on the Web.  Check out World Newspapers (http://www.world-newspapers.com/) to find daily and weekly newspapers and magazines as well as other news services on the Web.

 

            To find radio stations, use Radio Locator (http://www.radio-locator.com/) or Radio Tower (http://www.radiotower.com/) ; for TV broadcasts, wwiTV (http://wwitv.com/) (also known as Media Hopper http://mediahopper.com/index.html) .  Al-Jazeera, the best known TV station in the West, now broadcasts in English as well as Arabic (http://english.aljazeera.net).

 

You will also want to check major Western newspapers to see what they print about current events in the Arab world:

 

            Christian Science Monitor (http://www.csmonitor.com/)

            New York Times (http://www.nytimes.com/)

            Washington Post (http://www.washingtonpost.com/)

            The Times (London) (http://www.timesonline.co.uk/)

 

 

Government Websites

 

                Some countries have very good Web sites and can be used to gather excellent information.  Just remember that these sites are meant as marketing tools and represent a “best foot forward” strategy.

 

            You can locate government Web sites by going to Governments on the WWW (http://www.gksoft.com/govt/en/) and choosing either Africa or Asia, then the individual country.  Note that they list Web sites for individual ministries, for various provinces or regions of the country, for the country’s embassies in foreign countries, as well as links to other Web sites for information primarily about the political situation of the country. Notice that this Web site has not been updated since 2002.

 

            Some of these Web sites are simple, straightforward, and not hard to browse through quickly; others can be very large and complex.  They are all worth looking through.  As an example, look at:

               

                Egypt State Information Service

http://www.us.sis.gov.eg/En/Default.htm

A massive site run by the Ministry of Information, includes live TV and radio feeds; virtual tours of the Egyptian Museum and the Islamic Museum; an atlas with climate, demographic, agricultural, historical and other maps; biographies of politicians, literary and scientific figures; Cairo Press Review, which gives the headlines (in English) from several daily and weekly publications, with links to the full text of the articles in some cases; and much, much more.  Be sure to spend some time exploring this site.

 

 

Other Web Sites

 

Country Studies (http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/cshome.html)

A series of books which were originally sponsored by the U.S. Army, to keep personnel up-to-date on the political and economic trends in various countries of the world.  They are irregularly updated, so be sure to check the first page to see what date the research was completed.  For example, the research on Lebanon was completed in Dec. 1987, thus this study does not contain much information about the tumultuous political situation since that time; it does however, give excellent background for the colonial and post-colonial period in general.

 

                Economist  Country Briefings (http://www.economist.com/countries/)

The Economist Magazine publishes this series for each country of the world annually, with census and economic data.  An abridged version  is available on-line by country with statistical, political and economic data. 

 

Note: free information not available for all countries.  To find info on other countries, and to find the most complete information on all countries, search OSCAR by keyword:  country profile and economist, and country report and economist.  Be sure to do both searches as there are two separate publications for each country that contains different information.

 

            The World Factbook (https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/)

            By country, info & statistics on geography & environment, demographics (including                                          ethnic & religious groups, languages, literacy, social indicators), government (including                                      membership in international organizations), economy (imports, exports, reserves, debts),                                                 communications, transportation, military, transnational issues (drugs, boundary disputes,                                                 refugees).

 

                Can view all these topics by country, or can view all countries by a single topic (click on

                2nd icon beside the topic within one country, will give you a list of info on this topic for

                all countries).

 

LookLex (http://www.i-cias.com/e.o/)

Includes all the regular stuff you’d expect to find in an encyclopedia, plus clickable maps.  Should

be used together with at least one of the print encyclopedias listed below, as it is not complete and                 the articles are not necessarily lengthy or in depth. NOTE: In Dec. 2007, this Web site announced

that it would expand to “include every subject in the entire world” rather than being restricted to

the Middle East and North Africa.  For now, the content continues to be very focused on this

region.

 

Kwintessential Cross Cultural Solutions (http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/country-profiles.html)

A commercial company that provides translation services as well as cultural awareness training.  Site includes short but succinct summaries of etiquette and customs for a number of countries.

           

Library Online Resources

 

Check out the list of databases available through the Libraries’ home page.  Access to these databases is paid for by the Libraries, so if you’re trying to use these from off-campus, be sure to use the “Off-campus Sign-in” link so you can search.

 

From the Libraries’ Web site (http://library.osu.edu), look at the left-hand side of the page, and click on “Research Databases.”  You can type in the name of a specific database (like those listed here) or you can choose a subject area and browse the various databases available.

 

Many of the databases are bibliographies and indexes to journal articles or books.  But some of them include full-text articles and statistics, such as:

 

Europa World Plus

            Divided into regions of the world, with essays on topics important to that region (e.g., for the Middle East, there are always essays on oil), information on international organizations with interests in the region (World Bank, International Monetary Fund, various UN organizations) and on regional organizations (Gulf Cooperation Council, Organization of the Islamic Conference, OPEC).  Separate sections on each country, include essays on the recent history and economic development, and lots of statistics and other information.  Lots of clicks to get where you sometimes want to go, but well worth the effort.

 

Political Risk Yearbook

Information for businesses interested in investment or trade with another country.

Includes information on politics (including violence and corruption), trade barriers, analysis of current government and its policies, etc., that might impact business.           Lots of statistics.  PDF.

 

 

E-Books

 

In addition to books in print, the Libraries also purchases e-books, i.e. full-text books available to you electronically.  While it is tedious to read a large amount of text on a computer screen, you can find a number of books that will contain just one or two chapters that you’re interested in.  (Note: It is easier to locate these titles if you use “Search OSU Catalog” not “Search OSU and Beyond.”)

 

Examples:

 

Hammond, Andrew. Pop culture Arab world! Media, arts and lifestyle.

Hillstrom, Kevin and Laurie Collier Hillstrom. Africa and the Middle East: a continental overview of environmental issues.

 

Search the first title on OSCAR and you get two records:  one has copies in MES Reading Room & NWK Stacks; the one other has the location “Web E-books.”  You can access this from any computer on campus, and any computer off campus once you have signed in.  For the second title, you will see that the e-book is the only form of the title we own.

 

When you click on “Connect to title online,” you will automatically be given the table of contents to browse.  You can also do keyword searching on the full text of the book.

 

 

Maps

 

The following Web sites all have good maps of each country individually as well as maps of regions, such as the Middle East or North Africa.  If you print these maps to use in your report, be sure you cite the source according to the guidelines for citation of Web sources. 

 

http://menic.utexas.edu/Reference/Maps/ -- “Maps of the Middle East” are scanned from

                UT’s Map Collection

http://www.dartmouth.edu/~gov46/ -- historical maps, showing various schemes

                for countries during and after the World Wars and later

http://www.un.org/Depts/Cartographic/english/htmain.htm -- UN has pdf files

                for easy printing, by country or by region (West Asia = Middle East;

                ESCWA = Arab countries of the Middle East)

 

Many of these maps are scanned versions of printed maps that can be found in the Map Room (550 Ackerman Library; same hours as Ackerman Library); ask about CIA maps or other small maps by country or region.

 

There are also a number of atlases that will give you good, clear maps.  These are all in the Middle East Studies Reading Room, in the atlas cases, with other copies in the Map Room.

 

            CIA.  Atlas of the Middle East.  (MES, MAP G2205M5A8 1993)

            Hammond atlas of the Middle East. (MES G2205H3 1997)

            Karta (Firm).  Atlas of the Middle East.  (MES, MAP G2205K33 1988)

            National Geographic Society. Atlas of the Middle East. (MES, SUL Ref, MAP

                        G2205A853 2003)

 

 

Finally, many good world atlases will also have regional and country maps that you can use.  Check for these in the Map Room, at SUL Ref, and in other libraries on campus.

Ask for the most recent edition of The Times atlas of the world, The Book of the world, Atlas of the world published by the National Geographic Society, or other world atlases.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Printed Reference Sources on the Arab World

 

                       

 

General Sources

 

Encyclopedia of the modern Middle East.  4 vols.

(ACK Stacks, MES DS43E53 1996)

Each article has a short bibliography and is signed by the author.  Look for

people, places, battles, treaties, subjects.  Illustrated.

Encyclopedia of the modern Middle East and North Africa. 4 vols.

(SUL Ref  DS43E53 2004)

Middle East Patterns by Colbert C. Held. (MES DS44.95H45 2006; earlier editions available in ACK Stacks and Book Depository)

            Looks at the region as a whole from the view of physical and cultural geography, with chapters on

                water (an extremely important resource), climate, ecology, peoples (population, ethnic groups,

                languages, religions), land use, mineral resources, manufacturing and transportation,         urbanization, and geopolitics.  The second part of the book looks at individual countries.

 

Also, any good general encyclopedia (such as the Britannica or the Americana) will have articles on the major people, places and events.  Such encyclopedias may be found in any library on campus – just ask at the Reference or Circulation desk.  The Britannica can also be accessed online through the Libraries’ homepage (on the Databases page, check the subject “Dictionaries, Directories and Encyclopedias” for other titles).

 

 

Sources on Individual Countries – There is a lot of information, both in print and on the Web, about culture and politics in the various Arab countries.  Following are a few suggestions that are good, basic introductions to each country.

 

            World Bibliographical Series

           

Example: Lawless, Richard I.  Algeria.  (SUL Ref, MES Z3681L378 1995)

 

A bibliography on all topics about the country.  Use the table of contents and the index to locate books and articles about your topic.  Each title is annotated, so you can quickly decide if it’s worthwhile getting the complete book or article.  There is a bibliography for each country of the world.  They are hard to find on OSCAR because the title is simply the name of the country.  Search as a title the name of the series (World Bibliographical Series), then choose the option to limit your search by words in the title and type in the name of the country.  You may also browse the shelves in MES, where you will find the ones for the Middle East and North Africa.  They all look exactly alike, with either a dark green or black cover.  Note: most of these books are also available as e-books; you can access them from OSCAR, by searching as described above.  Choose the title that has the location “Web E-books.”


 

 

                Historical Dictionary of …

 

Example: Commins, David. Historical dictionary of Syria. (MES DS94.9C66 2004)

 

                A dictionary which gives quick information on people, places, and events in each               country.  Contains short introductions on history and long bibliographies which you       might want to browse through for more information.  There is a historical dictionary for    most countries of the world.  Search for them on OSCAR by title (Historical dictionary     of …).

 

                Culture and Customs of …

 

            Example: Shoup, John A. Culture and customs of Jordan. (MES GN635J6S56 2006)

 

                        Each volume includes information on social life & customs, including dress, food,

                                cinema, media, holidays, religion, music, art, etc.  Search in OSCAR by title, with name

                                of country or continent.  There are not yet volumes for all countries.

 

                       

 

                       

Sources on specific customs 

 

            There may also be a printed encyclopedia or dictionary on a specific custom that will contain information about the Middle East. 

 

            For example, search OSCAR with the keywords:  marriage and encyclopedias or marriage and dictionaries.  Look at the results.  When you find a title you think will be of help to you, be sure to look at the subject headings and series titles; click on them to find other resources on the same topic or in the same series.

 

            You can do the same thing by using a particular subject or custom and then using “and Middle East.” 

 

 

               

 

           

                                   

                                   

                       

                       

           

 

 

4/7/08